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The Nadahup languages, Makú (Macú) or ''Vaupés–Japurá'', form a small language family in Brazil, Colombia, and Venezuela. The name ''Maku'' is pejorative, being derived from an Arawakan word meaning "without speech". ''Nadahup'' is an acronym of the constituent languages.〔Epps. P. A Grammar of Hup. Mouton de Gruyter. 2008. ISBN 978-3-11-019588-0.〕 The Nadahup family should not be confused with several other languages which go by the name ''Maku,'' including the Maku language of Roraima. There are proposals linking this unclassified language with Nadahup, but also with other languages. ==Languages== Nadahup consists of about four languages, based on mutual intelligibility. Nadeb and Kuyawi, Hup and Yahup, and Nukak and Kakwa, however, share 90% of their vocabulary and are mutually intelligible, and so are separate languages only in a sociolinguistic sense. These four branches are not close: Although the family was first suggested in 1906, only 300 cognates have been found, which include pronouns but no other grammatical forms. Nadëb may be the most divergent; of the other languages, there is disagreement on the placement of Nïkâk. Martins (1999) propose two classifications, pending further research: ;Martins, proposal A }} }} ;Martins, proposal B }} However, Epps considers Hup and Yahup to be distinct languages, and maintains that the inclusion of the poorly attested Nukak and Kakwa has not been demonstrated and is in fact highly dubious:〔Patience Epps, ''The Vaupés Melting Pot: Tucanoan Influence on Hup.'' In Aikhenvald & Dixon, ''Grammars in contact: a cross-linguistic typology,'' 2006:130〕 ;Epps }} }} 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Nadahup languages」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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